Fact - A fact is somebody that is true or something that can be proven.
Opinion - An opinion is something that somebody thinks/believes but cannot necessarily be proven to be true. An opinion is based on personal judgement or belief.
Example of a fact - The hospital has 100 beds in all departments.
Example of an opinion - There are not enough beds in the hospital.
Bias - Bias is an unfair judgement on something. This could include giving your opinion on something and then publishing it such as in the news.
Primary Research - Your main research. This is research that you create or take out yourself.
Secondary Research - This is research using existing information.
Example of Primary Research - Primary research includes things such as tests you could carry out.
Example of Secondary Research - A giraffe is the tallest horned animal ever to exist.
Tuesday, 14 January 2014
Monday, 13 January 2014
Proposal
For our new show, we aim to have a factual/entertainment theme. Our news show will be shown on a mainstream channel such as ITV at 7:30pm everyday. The main stories that we will be covering will include the story of rising train fares, something revolving around local bands, football and weather. Our news stories, the channel and running time are very suitable for our intended target audience of adults/young adults.
Script Writing
1. A clear setting - When and where does this story take place? Lock that in on your very first slugline.
Example - INT. CAFETERIA, SOUTH ESSEX COLLEGE - AFTERNOON
2. Describe the setting - When people are reading your script, trey probably won't know the environment you're talking about. Describe it in a couple of short, sharp sentences.
Example - INT. CAFETERIA, SOUTH ESSEX COLLEGE - DAY
Bustling, busy, full of fashionably dressed teenagers. Chrome glass surfaces, gossip fills the air as students talk and eat.
3. Introducing characters - Throw in a couple of vivid details to make the reader picture the charter in their head.
Example - Kayla Frost, 19 - Stick-thin, looks like whew might snap at any moment. Her levi's might be faded, but her eyes burn fiercely from under a gothic mop of hair.
4. Naming your characters - Make sure each characters name is different, and looks different when written down. Give each character a surname, too. If they've only got a first name, this comes across as an incomplete identity.
5. Conflict, Conflict, Conflict - Not only should your screenplay be based on a wider conflict of some kind, but each character should also have internal conflicts that they are dealing with.
Doubts, insecurities, unfinished business. None of us glide through life without stuff boiling away inside, and your characters shouldn't either.
6. She's filled with secrets - Giving your character secrets, whether big or small, enables you to pick away layers and keep your viewer interested along the way.
7. Keep it consistent - Make sure you keep your characters consistent in both background and behaviour.
If Dave is an ex-con with a violent past, make sure he acts that way when confronted by trouble.
8. Dialogue stuff - People don't speak in complete sentences, nor do people all speak alike. You need to let your characters dictate where the punctuation goes. Gaps, pauses, unfinished sentences. Try recording people speaking and listening to it back.
9. Stay away from the nose!! - The phrase 'on the nose' refers to dialogue that states too clearly what a character is thinking without filtering it through their personality and agenda.
If Dave tells his closest friend "I want to be a policeman", chances are this won't play as well as having the application forms fall out of his gym bag might.
10. Keep it unpredictable - When princess Leia tells Han Solo 'I love you' in The Empire Strikes Back, the scene is memorable for his response;
'I Know'
You want the dialogue to flow, but you need to rethink predictable exchanges. Throw away the first response you think of. Throw away the second one too. Maybe use the third.
11. Keep it varied - Does a character even need to respond verbally to a statement? If someone says 'Goodbye' to them, do they need to speak in return? Couldn't they wink instead?
Once again, predictability is your enemy.
12. First Line - The first line of your character speaks should sum up an aspect of their personality.
If you're introducing a party animal like Stifler from the American Pie series, his first line wouldn't be something mundane about being late for an appointment.
Your characters only get one chance to make a first impression, so make sure it packs a punch.
13. Language=Life - Make sure your characters' dialogue reflects their life experiences. A 70 Year-Old English professor won't speak the same as a 25 Year-Old football player. A character born in 1960 will speak differently to one born in 1990. Make their dialogue reflect this!
14. Double Hyphen - Has one character stepped on another's line? Cutting them off before they finish speaking? The traditional way to show this in a script is with a double hyphen.
Example - INT. CAFETERIA, SOUTH ESSEX COLLEGE - AFTERNOON
2. Describe the setting - When people are reading your script, trey probably won't know the environment you're talking about. Describe it in a couple of short, sharp sentences.
Example - INT. CAFETERIA, SOUTH ESSEX COLLEGE - DAY
Bustling, busy, full of fashionably dressed teenagers. Chrome glass surfaces, gossip fills the air as students talk and eat.
3. Introducing characters - Throw in a couple of vivid details to make the reader picture the charter in their head.
Example - Kayla Frost, 19 - Stick-thin, looks like whew might snap at any moment. Her levi's might be faded, but her eyes burn fiercely from under a gothic mop of hair.
4. Naming your characters - Make sure each characters name is different, and looks different when written down. Give each character a surname, too. If they've only got a first name, this comes across as an incomplete identity.
5. Conflict, Conflict, Conflict - Not only should your screenplay be based on a wider conflict of some kind, but each character should also have internal conflicts that they are dealing with.
Doubts, insecurities, unfinished business. None of us glide through life without stuff boiling away inside, and your characters shouldn't either.
6. She's filled with secrets - Giving your character secrets, whether big or small, enables you to pick away layers and keep your viewer interested along the way.
7. Keep it consistent - Make sure you keep your characters consistent in both background and behaviour.
If Dave is an ex-con with a violent past, make sure he acts that way when confronted by trouble.
8. Dialogue stuff - People don't speak in complete sentences, nor do people all speak alike. You need to let your characters dictate where the punctuation goes. Gaps, pauses, unfinished sentences. Try recording people speaking and listening to it back.
9. Stay away from the nose!! - The phrase 'on the nose' refers to dialogue that states too clearly what a character is thinking without filtering it through their personality and agenda.
If Dave tells his closest friend "I want to be a policeman", chances are this won't play as well as having the application forms fall out of his gym bag might.
10. Keep it unpredictable - When princess Leia tells Han Solo 'I love you' in The Empire Strikes Back, the scene is memorable for his response;
'I Know'
You want the dialogue to flow, but you need to rethink predictable exchanges. Throw away the first response you think of. Throw away the second one too. Maybe use the third.
11. Keep it varied - Does a character even need to respond verbally to a statement? If someone says 'Goodbye' to them, do they need to speak in return? Couldn't they wink instead?
Once again, predictability is your enemy.
12. First Line - The first line of your character speaks should sum up an aspect of their personality.
If you're introducing a party animal like Stifler from the American Pie series, his first line wouldn't be something mundane about being late for an appointment.
Your characters only get one chance to make a first impression, so make sure it packs a punch.
13. Language=Life - Make sure your characters' dialogue reflects their life experiences. A 70 Year-Old English professor won't speak the same as a 25 Year-Old football player. A character born in 1960 will speak differently to one born in 1990. Make their dialogue reflect this!
14. Double Hyphen - Has one character stepped on another's line? Cutting them off before they finish speaking? The traditional way to show this in a script is with a double hyphen.
WIFE
You know, I never told you --
HUSBAND
I don't want to hear it!
15. Fresh Slang - Why not make up your own slang? Using the latest words, phrases and cultural references will date your script extremely quickly.
Writers like Joss Whedon make up their own slang phrases and drop them into the script. "Whats the sitch?"meaning "Whats going on?" originated in Buffy the Vampire Slayer.
An audience won't know the difference between a slang phrase you've made up and one they've never heard before, but they'll certainly notice a dated turn of phrase.
16. Mix dialogue and action - In life, stuff happens at at once. People don't stop talking because a bus is about to explode; the bus explodes whilst they're in mid-sentence.
Don't be afraid to have action an dialogue crash into each other, because things in real life don't happen in a neat order.
17. Don't tell me what I've seen! - If Debbie's head just exploded, the viewer doesn't need James to tell them;
"My God, Debbie's head just exploded!"
They had already noticed. Eliminate dialogue that narrates the action.
18. No place for closed questions - If you've got a question which leads to a yes or no response in your dialogue, get rid of it.
They stop the dialogue dead, and the audience can anticipate the response.
Replace them with open questions, to let your characters personalities shine through.
19. Misunderstanding - Characters should misunderstand and misinterpret each other just as people do in real life.
It gives you a great opportunities for conflict and comedy, plus it makes the dialogue read as more authentic.
20. Style stuff : Present Tense - Always keep your action descriptions in the present tense.
Gaby chases Fred into the ice-cream shop
not
Gaby has chased Fred into the ice-cream shop
You need to have the action unfold in the present as it unfolds on the page.
21. What not to include - The action descriptions in your screenplay should not include : Thoughts, Hopes, Back Story and anything that can't be shown visually.
If you want to include these things, you need to show them through events or dialogue.
22. Keep it clear -
"The Father of the bride, who runs a pizza restaurant" is ambiguous.
Who sells the pizza?
The father or the bride?
Compare it to "The Bride, whose father runs a pizza restaurant"
Keep it clear. The less ambiguity, the better.
23. OH MY GOD - Using ALL CAPITALS in your action descriptions signifies something important. Its a way of making the important elements pop when somebody reads the script.
The whole building EXPLODES.
Don't get carried away and end up with half of your action description in caps. Use it sparingly.
24. Keep it punchy - Break long sentences and keep your descriptions as vivid as you can.
Jennie trying to keep her breathing under control as she walks across a tightrope? Sometimes fewer words work better.
Inhale. Exhale. Jennie steps out.
25. Write it first, then edit - This script won't be as punchy, exciting and engaging as possible on the first draft.
Your mission on the first draft is just to get the thing written.
Second, third, fourth, fifth drafts are the opportunity to make your screenplay everything it can be.
Monday, 6 January 2014
Project Summary
1. Create a scrapbook with the following -
- Mindmaps
- Contacts
- Location Details
- Secondary Research
- Primary Research
- Vox-Pops
- Questionnaires
- Target Audience Research
Plan a LIVE Production -
- Running order
- Job Roles
- Script
- Mood board
- Set designs
- Costume design
- Floor plans with camera positions and lighting
VT Insert -
- We will create some VT inserts to add into our live shows
The Live Show -
- Planning should be completed
- VT inserts recorded and edited ready to be used
- Perform an operational role within the TV studio for each show
2. News show with 1 host and 2 special guests. The target audience for my rough idea will be young adults and it will be on main tv at around 9pm. The news show will last 10 minutes and will give a round up of all of the latest news surrounding all things that young adults would be interested in. The main topics will include a round-up of the day's sport, TV show news and weather. Also will include some major stories worldwide.
3. News shows usually all include breaking news about all types of things, sports news, weather and special guests/interviews.
- Mindmaps
- Contacts
- Location Details
- Secondary Research
- Primary Research
- Vox-Pops
- Questionnaires
- Target Audience Research
Plan a LIVE Production -
- Running order
- Job Roles
- Script
- Mood board
- Set designs
- Costume design
- Floor plans with camera positions and lighting
VT Insert -
- We will create some VT inserts to add into our live shows
The Live Show -
- Planning should be completed
- VT inserts recorded and edited ready to be used
- Perform an operational role within the TV studio for each show
2. News show with 1 host and 2 special guests. The target audience for my rough idea will be young adults and it will be on main tv at around 9pm. The news show will last 10 minutes and will give a round up of all of the latest news surrounding all things that young adults would be interested in. The main topics will include a round-up of the day's sport, TV show news and weather. Also will include some major stories worldwide.
3. News shows usually all include breaking news about all types of things, sports news, weather and special guests/interviews.
Documentary Modes
Documentary Modes -
Expository - Inform and educate the audience about a subject. Uses original and active footage. Professional voice-overs. Factual information. Examples include the Natural History Programmes.
Observational - Recording people in their natural environments with minimal fuss. Has a greater degree of naturalness. May not show exactly the thing observed because it can be cut to show good or bad things. Examples include Etre et Avoir.
Fly-On-The-Wall - Extension of observational. More naturalistic due to the fact it avoids cutting things out. More than likely to be short over a long time e.g a year whereas observational could be a lot shorter such as a day.
Interactive/Reflexive - The filmmakers' presence is fully acknowledged, even emphasised. The filmmaker is both author and character in his or her movie. Examples include Roger and Me, Biggie and Tupac.
Poetic/Avant Garde - In this instance the emphasis is on the creativity as the filmmaker explores, for example, the beauty in the everyday. Examples include Night Mail and Lido.
Drama Documentary - In the absence of archive material or access to witnesses, the filmmaker might stage dramatic reconstructions of events. Examples might include Who Bombed Birmingham and Hillsborough.
Mockumentary - Fictional films which parody the forms and conventions of documentary, often for humorous effect. Examples include This is Spinal Tap, Best in Shot, Blair Witch Project, The Office.
Personal - These 'films' are often shot on video and generally feature the maker addressing the camera directly, expounding or sharing his or her views with the viewer. Examples include Video Nation.
Documentary Mode -
Sequence/Scene -
Purpose and Effect -
Expository - Inform and educate the audience about a subject. Uses original and active footage. Professional voice-overs. Factual information. Examples include the Natural History Programmes.
Observational - Recording people in their natural environments with minimal fuss. Has a greater degree of naturalness. May not show exactly the thing observed because it can be cut to show good or bad things. Examples include Etre et Avoir.
Fly-On-The-Wall - Extension of observational. More naturalistic due to the fact it avoids cutting things out. More than likely to be short over a long time e.g a year whereas observational could be a lot shorter such as a day.
Interactive/Reflexive - The filmmakers' presence is fully acknowledged, even emphasised. The filmmaker is both author and character in his or her movie. Examples include Roger and Me, Biggie and Tupac.
Poetic/Avant Garde - In this instance the emphasis is on the creativity as the filmmaker explores, for example, the beauty in the everyday. Examples include Night Mail and Lido.
Drama Documentary - In the absence of archive material or access to witnesses, the filmmaker might stage dramatic reconstructions of events. Examples might include Who Bombed Birmingham and Hillsborough.
Mockumentary - Fictional films which parody the forms and conventions of documentary, often for humorous effect. Examples include This is Spinal Tap, Best in Shot, Blair Witch Project, The Office.
Personal - These 'films' are often shot on video and generally feature the maker addressing the camera directly, expounding or sharing his or her views with the viewer. Examples include Video Nation.
Documentary Mode -
Sequence/Scene -
Purpose and Effect -
VT Notes
Vox-Pops - Voice of the people. Shows interviews from many people.
Sky News Weather -
Tone - Serious, Informative
Content - Interviews by professionals, clips of the weather and a voice over.
Was this filmed on location? - Yes
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - No, just footage filmed by camera crews
Use of graphics - Moving weather maps
Use of sound/music - Voice over, sound of waves
Was this a breaking story? - Yes
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - Fairly, it could have been put together in advance but not far in advance.
If so, what things are missing? - Nothing essential missing, could have used a still weather map.
Sky News NHS -
Tone - Very serious
Content - Interviews, footages
Was this filmed on location? - No
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - No
Use of graphics - Titles used
Use of sound/music - Noises found in hospitals, dramatic background music, voice over.
Was this a breaking story? - No
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - No
If so, what things are missing? - N/A
Sky News NHS (2) -
Tone - Serious
Content - Interviews, real life situations
Was this filmed on location? - Yes
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - No
Use of graphics - No
Use of sound/music - Voice over
Was this a breaking story? - No
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - No
If so, what things are missing? - N/A
BBC News (Courtesy of ABC News) Weather -
Tone - Informal but informative
Content - Footage of random snow clips
Was this filmed on location? - Yes
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - Yes
Use of graphics - No
Use of sound/music - Voice over
Was this a breaking story? - No
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - No
If so, what things are missing? - N/A
BBC News Savile Story -
Tone - Very serious
Content - Interviews and still clips
Was this filmed on location? - The interviews were
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - No
Use of graphics - No
Use of sound/music - Speech
Was this a breaking story? - No
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - No
If so, what things are missing? - N/A
Sky News Weather -
Tone - Serious, Informative
Content - Interviews by professionals, clips of the weather and a voice over.
Was this filmed on location? - Yes
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - No, just footage filmed by camera crews
Use of graphics - Moving weather maps
Use of sound/music - Voice over, sound of waves
Was this a breaking story? - Yes
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - Fairly, it could have been put together in advance but not far in advance.
If so, what things are missing? - Nothing essential missing, could have used a still weather map.
Sky News NHS -
Tone - Very serious
Content - Interviews, footages
Was this filmed on location? - No
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - No
Use of graphics - Titles used
Use of sound/music - Noises found in hospitals, dramatic background music, voice over.
Was this a breaking story? - No
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - No
If so, what things are missing? - N/A
Sky News NHS (2) -
Tone - Serious
Content - Interviews, real life situations
Was this filmed on location? - Yes
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - No
Use of graphics - No
Use of sound/music - Voice over
Was this a breaking story? - No
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - No
If so, what things are missing? - N/A
BBC News (Courtesy of ABC News) Weather -
Tone - Informal but informative
Content - Footage of random snow clips
Was this filmed on location? - Yes
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - Yes
Use of graphics - No
Use of sound/music - Voice over
Was this a breaking story? - No
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - No
If so, what things are missing? - N/A
BBC News Savile Story -
Tone - Very serious
Content - Interviews and still clips
Was this filmed on location? - The interviews were
Did it use footage footage filmed by the public? - No
Use of graphics - No
Use of sound/music - Speech
Was this a breaking story? - No
Would this need to have been put together quickly? - No
If so, what things are missing? - N/A
Luke and the Box
For our task, we had to find out the mystery of what happened with Luke and the Box, including what was inside.
The hardest parts of the task was finding out correct information about the box and its contents. The other things that were fairly challenging included filming the news being broadcasted and making sure the information portrayed was factually correct.
Overall the task was really enjoyable and got us thinking creatively.
The hardest parts of the task was finding out correct information about the box and its contents. The other things that were fairly challenging included filming the news being broadcasted and making sure the information portrayed was factually correct.
Overall the task was really enjoyable and got us thinking creatively.
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